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    By 2020 all fish and invertebrate stocks and aquatic plants are managed and harvested sustainably, legally and applying ecosystem based approaches, so that overfishing is avoided, recovery plans and measures are in place for all depleted species, fisheries have no significant adverse impacts on threatened species and vulnerable ecosystems and the impacts of fisheries on stocks, species and ecosystems are within safe ecological limits.
    Target7
    By 2020 areas under agriculture, aquaculture and forestry are managed sustainably, ensuring conservation of biodiversity.
    Target8
    By 2020, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity.
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    By 2020, invasive alien species and pathways are identified and prioritized, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and measures are in place to manage pathways to prevent their introduction and establishment.
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    By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to maintain their integrity and functioning.
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    By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes.
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    By 2020 the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained.
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    By 2020, the genetic diversity of cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and of wild relatives, including other socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species, is maintained, and strategies have been developed and implemented for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding their genetic diversity.
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    By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential services, including services related to water, and contribute to health, livelihoods and well-being, are restored and safeguarded, taking into account the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable.
    Target15
    By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification.
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    By 2015, the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization is in force and operational, consistent with national legislation.
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    By 2015 each Party has developed, adopted as a policy instrument, and has commenced implementing an effective, participatory and updated national biodiversity strategy and action plan.
    Target18
    By 2020, the traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, and their customary use of biological resources, are respected, subject to national legislation and relevant international obligations, and fully integrated and reflected in the implementation of the Convention with the full and effective participation of indigenous and local communities, at all relevant levels.
    Target19
    By 2020, knowledge, the science base and technologies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status and trends, and the consequences of its loss, are improved, widely shared and transferred, and applied.
    Target20
    By 2020, at the latest, the mobilization of financial resources for effectively implementing the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 from all sources, and in accordance with the consolidated and agreed process in the Strategy for Resource Mobilization, should increase substantially from the current levels. This target will be subject to changes contingent to resource needs assessments to be developed and reported by Parties.
  • Organisation type

Clear
  • Resources type

  • Region

  • Landscape type

  • Sustainable Development Goals

    What does each goal mean
    Goal1
    No poverty
    Goal2
    Zero hunger
    Goal3
    Good health and well-being
    Goal4
    Quality education
    Goal5
    Gender equality
    Goal6
    Clean water and sanitation
    Goal7
    Affordable and clean energy
    Goal8
    Decent work and economic growth
    Goal9
    Industry, innovation, infrastructure
    Goal10
    Reduced inequalities
    Goal11
    Sustainable cities and communities
    Goal12
    Responsible consumption, production
    Goal13
    Climate action
    Goal14
    Life below water
    Goal15
    Life on land
    Goal16
    Peace, justice and strong institutions
    Goal17
    Partnerships for the goals
  • Aichi Biodiversity Targets

    What does each target means
    Target1
    By 2020, at the latest, people are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take to conserve and use it sustainably.
    Target2
    By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values have been integrated into national and local development and poverty reduction strategies and planning processes and are being incorporated into national accounting, as appropriate, and reporting systems.
    Target3
    By 2020, at the latest, incentives, including subsidies, harmful to biodiversity are eliminated, phased out or reformed in order to minimize or avoid negative impacts, and positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity are developed and applied, consistent and in harmony with the Convention and other relevant international obligations, taking into account national socio economic conditions.
    Target4
    By 2020, at the latest, Governments, business and stakeholders at all levels have taken steps to achieve or have implemented plans for sustainable production and consumption and have kept the impacts of use of natural resources well within safe ecological limits.
    Target5
    By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced.
    Target6
    By 2020 all fish and invertebrate stocks and aquatic plants are managed and harvested sustainably, legally and applying ecosystem based approaches, so that overfishing is avoided, recovery plans and measures are in place for all depleted species, fisheries have no significant adverse impacts on threatened species and vulnerable ecosystems and the impacts of fisheries on stocks, species and ecosystems are within safe ecological limits.
    Target7
    By 2020 areas under agriculture, aquaculture and forestry are managed sustainably, ensuring conservation of biodiversity.
    Target8
    By 2020, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity.
    Target9
    By 2020, invasive alien species and pathways are identified and prioritized, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and measures are in place to manage pathways to prevent their introduction and establishment.
    Target10
    By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to maintain their integrity and functioning.
    Target11
    By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes.
    Target12
    By 2020 the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained.
    Target13
    By 2020, the genetic diversity of cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and of wild relatives, including other socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species, is maintained, and strategies have been developed and implemented for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding their genetic diversity.
    Target14
    By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential services, including services related to water, and contribute to health, livelihoods and well-being, are restored and safeguarded, taking into account the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable.
    Target15
    By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification.
    Target16
    By 2015, the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization is in force and operational, consistent with national legislation.
    Target17
    By 2015 each Party has developed, adopted as a policy instrument, and has commenced implementing an effective, participatory and updated national biodiversity strategy and action plan.
    Target18
    By 2020, the traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, and their customary use of biological resources, are respected, subject to national legislation and relevant international obligations, and fully integrated and reflected in the implementation of the Convention with the full and effective participation of indigenous and local communities, at all relevant levels.
    Target19
    By 2020, knowledge, the science base and technologies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status and trends, and the consequences of its loss, are improved, widely shared and transferred, and applied.
    Target20
    By 2020, at the latest, the mobilization of financial resources for effectively implementing the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 from all sources, and in accordance with the consolidated and agreed process in the Strategy for Resource Mobilization, should increase substantially from the current levels. This target will be subject to changes contingent to resource needs assessments to be developed and reported by Parties.
Clear
5

2017 CHINESE TAIPEI (TAIWAN)

Project title :

Taiwan stingless bee field investigation and greenhouse pollination preliminary work

Stingless bee approaching beehive
Local community member engaging in beekeeping

Stingless bee approaching beehive

Local community member engaging in beekeeping

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Organisation :

Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station (HDARES)

Project period :

January 2018 - December 2018

Project type :

Research activities

Landscape type :

Landscape

Related Sustainable Development Goals :
  • Good health and well-being
  • Responsible consumption, production
Related Aichi Biodiversity Targets :
  • By 2020, the genetic diversity of cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and of wild relatives, including other socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species, is maintained, and strategies have been developed and implemented for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding their genetic diversity.
  • By 2020, knowledge, the science base and technologies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status and trends, and the consequences of its loss, are improved, widely shared and transferred, and applied.
Copyright BIP/SCBD

Overview

An endemic species of stingless bee, Lepidotrigona hoozana, was traditionally used in Taiwan based on aboriginal practices as main pollen insects and for the production of propolis. The main nesting plants include native tree species such as Roche’s salt wood, mulberry tree, and Elephant’s Ear trees. However, due to habitat degradation and deforestation for betel nut and tea production, as well as the use of agrochemicals, including pesticides and herbicides, the stingless bee populations are now close to extinction in their native habitat. Recently, in Taiwan only about 30 stingless bee nests were found in the wild. Stingless bees have considerable potential in bee pollination, and even medical and chemical use. In order to contribute to the recovery and conservation of pollinated bees, the project experimented rearing the stingless bees in tree barrel hives from the wild in the primary forest as a rich enough source to supply the feeding environment.

Key achievements

  • The project succeeded in identifying pollen sources of stingless bees among the flora of Taiwan, and making bee food suitable for improving strength and reproduction of the bees. As the supply of pollen is insufficient and the stingless bees can be affected by diseases, the following substances can be used as alternative pollen food to improve bee health and bee colony breeding, and ultimately to increase the bee population: highly digestive soy, protein decomposition products, beer yeast powder, white granulated sugar, integrated vitamins, citric acid, Chinese herbal medicine extract powder, garlic powder and unsaturated fatty acids.
  • Earlier problems of artificial breeding and reproduction were solved. The project demonstrated that stingless bees can live in rearing conditions and assist farmers in the pollination of greenhouse cultivation.
  • The project also preliminarily completed the pre-pollination trial of greenhouse bitter gourd.
  • These results have attracted attention of other relevant government units in Taiwan, including the Construction Department, Xueba National Park, and the Hualien Forest Management Office. They invited the project team to develop further plans. The project results have also been reported by the media, including online media, prompting public discussion of the stingless bee issue.

Lessons

  • Abuse of agricultural chemicals (e.g. pesticides) may cause the stingless bee to become extinct rapidly. This species thus serves as an environmental indicator, which reminds residents of the importance of the habitat.
  • Furthermore, the stingless bee is suitable for greenhouse pollination. However, without appropriate guidelines on stingless bee beekeeping, the stingless bee colonies may collapse.
  • Both pollination and propolis product development are worthwhile and meaningful for environmental conservation and economic development. In the future, it is hoped that pollination tests can be carried out on various greenhouse melon plants in the region, in order to enhance the agricultural economic value.

Project location

Organisation

Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station (HDARES)
Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station (HDARES)
Sector
academic/ esearch institute
Country
Chinese Taipei (Taiwan)
Website/SNS
https://www.hdares.gov.tw/en/